CATTI二级笔译：中国关键词之供给侧改革
供给侧改革
2015年11月20日，在中央财经领导小组第十一次会议上，习近平首次提出了"供给侧改革"这一重要理念。"供给侧"是相对于"需求侧"而言的，它是从供给和生产端入手，通过鼓励企业创新、促进淘汰落后、化解过剩产能、降低税费负担等方式，解放生产力、提升竞争力，从而促进经济发展。"供给侧改革"更加注重经济结构的优化，核心在于提高全要素生产率，政策手段包括简政放权、放松管制、金融改革、国企改革、土地改革、提高创新能力等。"供给侧改革"的提出，旨在加大结构性改革力度，进一步释放内需潜力、激发供给活力，以创新供给带动需求扩展，以扩大有效需求倒逼供给升级，实现稳增长和调结构互为支撑、互促共进。
Supply-side reform
The importance of "supply-side reform" was emphasized by Xi Jinping at the 11th meeting of the CPC Central Leading Group for Financial and Economic Affairs on November 10, 2015. Supply-side policies, which focus on supply and production,areoften discussed in contrast to a demand-side approach. To improve supply-side performance is to unleash productivity and maintain a competitive edge, with greater innovation, decommissioning of obsolete manufacturing, less overcapacity, and lower tax rates, so as to boost economic growth.
This reform is placing greater emphasis on optimizing the economic structure and enhancing the efficiency of all contributing factors. To this end, measures will be implemented to streamline government and delegate powers, relax macro-regulation, spur innovation, and reform the financial sector, land use rights, and SOEs.The reform plan is designed toaccelerate structural change, fuel domestic demand and expand supply. Innovation will be encouraged to generate greater demand, which will in return lead to improvements in supply. Steady growth and structural adjustment should be mutually supportive and proceed in parallel.
改革红利
李克强担任中国政府总理前后，反复提及释放新的"改革红利"，以此推动体制创新、实现经济社会发展。"改革红利"是指国家通过体制变革和机制创新给社会发展进步带来的全部有益成果的总和。"改革红利"以体制创新满足人们的需求并释放出更大的发展优势。
The Reform Dividend
Before and after assuming Chinese premiership, Li Keqiang frequently emphasized the need to unlock the new reform dividend by pushing for China's institutional innovation and social-economic development. The reform dividend refers to the totality of the beneficial results in social progress that stem from institutional reform and innovation – benefits that can be channeled towards meeting the people's needs while building momentum for further development.
共享发展
作为"五大发展理念"之一，共享发展注重的是解决社会公平正义问题。让人民群众共享改革发展成果，是社会主义的本质要求，是社会主义制度优越性的集中体现，也是中国共产党坚持全心全意为人民服务根本宗旨的必然选择。共享发展的明确指向，在于促进公平正义，实现人的全面发展。中国就共享发展作出增加公共服务供给、实施脱贫攻坚工程、提高教育质量、促进就业创业、缩小收入差距、建立更加公平更可持续的社会保障制度、推进健康中国建设、促进人口均衡发展等八个方面的部署。这既是有效的制度安排，也是中国"十三五"期间推动共享发展的重要着力点。
Development for the benefit of all
Development for the benefit of all, the fifth of China's five concepts fordevelopment, is aimed at promoting social equity and justice. Ensuring universal enjoyment of the fruits of reform and development is what our socialist ideals call for, and most aptly reflects the advantages of our socialist system. It also embodies the ultimate goal of the Communist Party of China to whole-heartedly serve the people.
Development for the benefit of all is about empowering the people to reach their full potential in an enabling environment conducive to safeguarding equity and justice. The 13th Five-year Plan (2016-2020) lists the following measures to this end:
• expanding access to public services;
• effectively implementing poverty-alleviation projects;
• improving the quality of education;
• creating more jobs;
• narrowing the income gap;
• building a more equitable and sustainable social security system;
• improving healthcare services; and
• promoting balanced population growth.
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