近义词辨析3
1.abolish, cancel, eliminate, dispose, erase, exclude, extinguish 都有“取消，除掉”的意思。
abolish v.指对法律、习俗、制度的废除;完全破坏。
The government abolished the tax on alcohol.政府取消了酒税。
cancel v.对预先安排的某种活动(如旅行、计划、会议等)的取消;删去(字、句)。
The meeting has been cancelled because of the flu.会议由于流感而取消了。
eliminate v.指消除、淘汰已经存在但是现在不需要的东西。
The losing team was eliminated from further competition.失利的那个队被淘汰了，不能参加下一阶段的比赛。
The doctor helped him eliminate toxins from the intestine.医生帮助他排出肠中毒素。
dispose v.处理，处置;表示“除掉、扔掉”时常与of连用。(这一点需要注意。)
After your picnic, please dispose of the litter.野餐后请清除掉垃圾。
erase v.除去，擦掉，指有意识地除去字迹、声音等。
I erased the music on the tape before recording on the tape again.我在往磁带上录音之前先消掉了上面的音乐。
exclude v.排斥;排除，不包括在内，与include互为反义词。
The restaurant excludes anyone who is not properly dressed from entering.衣冠不整者不得进入该餐馆。
extinguish v.熄灭，扑灭(火);使沉默，使暗淡。
Firefighters extinguished a big fire.消防队员扑灭了大火。
2.beam, chuckle, giggle, grin, jeer, laugh, roar, sneer这一组都有"笑"的意思，而它们之间的差别也是明显的。
beam v.本义指照耀，放光，引申为"微笑"，是正式用语，指面带喜悦或笑容，暗示对他人的友好或内心的满足。
She beamed with happiness.她高兴得眉开眼笑。
chuckle v. (书面语)吃吃的笑，抿嘴笑，轻声笑，多指因得意或领会到某事中的趣味而暗自发笑。
She does not laugh out loud; she only chuckles.她没有笑出声来，只是抿嘴而笑。
giggle v.咯咯地笑，痴笑，傻笑，多指女人和孩子由于紧张、被逗乐、尴尬时所发出的笑声。
The schoolgirls giggled when the famous football player walked into their classroom.当这个著名的足球运动员走进教室时，女生们都咯咯地笑起来。
grin v.露齿而笑，指人因高兴、满足、轻蔑等咧开嘴露齿地笑。
He grinned at his mother.他冲他的妈妈咧嘴一笑。
jeer v.讥笑，嘲笑，其同义词是mock。
The crowd jeered when the boxer was knocked down.当那个拳手被人打倒时，人群开始嘲笑他。
laugh v.笑，大笑，用于一般的笑或出声的大笑。
roar v.怒吼，咆哮，引申为放声大笑，哄堂大笑。
He roared when he heard the joke.听完这个笑话，他哈哈大笑。
sneer v.冷笑，嘲笑，指以语言、表情、和声调表示轻蔑或嘲弄。
He sneered at the offer and said it was two low.他对报价嗤之以鼻，说它太低了。
3.complement, supplement，append"补充"
complement n.补充，补充物，主要指补充不足使之完美。
Rice makes an excellent complement to a curry dish.有咖喱的菜配米饭最棒。
supplement n.增补，补充，补贴，主要指另外补加，增补。
One year after we made our report, we had to add a supplement to cover new events.我们在报告完成一年之后，必须增补一个包含新事件的附加部分。
append n.附加，添上或补充某事物(尤指文字)。
The lawyer appended two more pages to the contract.律师在合同后又附加了两页。
4.disappear, vanish, fade都有"消失"的意思。
disappear v.消失，不见;灭绝，不复存在。是个一般用语。
The little dog was just there, then he disappeared.那条小狗刚才就在那里，然后就不见了。
vanish v.消失，不见，指突然间化为乌有，强调非常彻底地、神秘莫测地消失、失踪。
The man ran into the shop and vanished from sight.那个男子跑到了商店里，然后就消失了。
fade v.指衣服的颜色褪色，声音的逐渐消失。
The wallpaper has faded from red to pale pink.墙纸从红色褪成了淡粉色。
5.equal, equivalent, identical"相同的，相等的"的意思。
equal a. (数字、数量、权力、价值)相等的;(指人)胜任的。
Those two tables are of equal length.这两张桌子一样长。
It is a big responsibility to take on, so I hope he 's equal to the task.要担负的责任很大，我希望他能够胜任这项任务。
equivalent a.相等的，相同的，与equal基本可以互换使用。
The two computers are equivalent in speed.这两台计算机在运算速度上是相同的。
identical a.同一的，完全相同的。
The boys are identical twins.这两个男孩子是一样的双胞胎。
6.mitate, intimate, intimidate这是一组形近易混词。
imitate v.模仿，仿效;复制，仿造。
The boy imitates his father's way of talking.那个男孩模仿他父亲说话的样子。
intimate a.亲密的;温馨的，舒适的。
We have had an intimate friendship since we were young.我们自年轻时代起就建立了亲密的友谊。
intimidate v.恐吓，威胁。
An older boy intimidated the little children when he took their lunch money.一个年龄大一点的男孩恐吓那些小孩子，并且抢走了他们的午饭钱。
7.respectable, respectful, respective一组形近易混词。
respectable a.值得尊敬的，有好名声的。
They are respectable people who are liked and trusted in their town.他们在家乡是受人们敬爱和信任的人。
respectful a.尊敬他人的，恭敬的。
Students and teachers should have a respectful attitude toward each other.师生应该相互彬彬有礼。
respective a.单个的，分别的。
8.scenery, scene, view, landscape都有"景色"的意思。
scenery n.风景，景色，舞台布景，强调从美的角度看，某个国家或地区的总体外貌。
Each year, we spend our vacation in the mountains and enjoy the scenery.我们每年到山区渡假，并欣赏那里的风景。
scene n.指从远处看到的某一具体景色、景象，也可以指人物的活动场面;(犯罪的)地点，现场。
They stood gazing the happy scene of children playing in the park.他们站在那里，注视着孩子们在公园里玩耍的场景。
view n.指从远处或窗户看到的视野范围内的风景;观点，看法。
Our house has a view of the park.我们的房子可以看到公园的景色。
landscape n. (自然的)风景，景色;风景画。
The landscape seen from the mountains is green and beautiful.站在群山之巅看到的是一片美丽的绿色。
9.transaction, transition, transmission, transformation, transfer
transaction n.交易行为，处理。
Transactions of shares on the stock exchange were up today.今天证券交易所的股票成交额上升了。
transition n. (从一种情况到另一种的)过渡，更替。
The transition from high school to college can be difficult for students.对于学生来说，从中学到大学的过渡会是困难的。
transmission n.传播(比如疾病);广播。
The transmission of germs can occur by contact, breathing, and eating.细菌通过接触、呼吸和饮食传播。
transformation n. (外观或性质的)改变，改观，转变。
His character seems to have undergone a complete transformation since his marriage.他结婚之后性格判若两人。
transfer n.转移，转让;调动;(旅途中的)换乘，改变路线。
The club's goalkeeper isn't happy here, and has asked a transfer.这个足球俱乐部的守门员在此过得不愉快，已经要求转会到其他俱乐部。
10.sensible, sensitive, sentimental, sensational
sensible a.有知觉的，可感知的;明智的。
The patient was speechless but still sensible.病人虽然不能说话但仍然有知觉。
sensitive a.敏感的，灵敏的。
This film is sensitive to light.这种胶片对光很敏感。
sentimental a.多愁善感的，感伤的。
The novel has scenes full of love and loss; it is so sentimental!小说有多处场景充满爱情的悲欢离合，真是感伤啊!
sensational a.耸人听闻的，令人激动的。
I read a sensational story about a ten-year-old mother.我听到一则耸人听闻的故事：十岁女孩做妈妈。
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