CATTI二级笔译:汉语成语英译

发布于 2018-02-24 14:20  编辑:Claire
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CATTI二级笔译:汉语成语英译


1.套译

联想起英文中的对等成语,然后套用英语成语。如:

1)竭泽而渔to drain a pond to catch all the fish 

(相当于kill the goose that lays the golden eggs)

2)打草惊蛇to stir up the grass and alert the snake

(相当于wake a sleeping dog)

3)挥金如土to spend money like dirt

(相当于spend money like water)

4)掌上明珠a pearl in the palm

(相当于the apple of one's eye)


2.直译

不少汉语成语不一定有非常对等的英语成语,但它们的字面翻译也能使译文读者得到正确无误的形象意义。如:

1)声东击西to shout in the east and strike in the west

2)刻骨铭心: to be engraved on ones heart and bones

3)井底之蛙to be like a frog at the bottom of a well


3.意译

然而,汉语成语并非每条都能按字面翻译。有些成语的比喻形象是译文读者所不能接受的。如果把“眉飞色舞”死译成“his eyebrows areflying and his countenance is dancing",这势必会贻笑大方,使译文读者不知所云,莫明其妙。我们可根据该成语的实际意义灵活地翻译成"tobeam with joy"。如:

1)粗枝大叶to be crude and careless

(死译:with big branches and large leaves)

2)无孔不入to take advantage of every weakness

(死译:to get into every hole)

3) 扬眉吐气to feel proud and elated

(死译:to raise the eyebrows and let out a breath)

4)灯红酒绿dissipated and luxurious

(死译:with red lights and green wine)

5)纸醉金迷〔a life of )luxury and dissipation

(死译:with drunken paper and bewitched gold)


4.有一部分汉语成语带着一定的中国文化背景,有的成语在字面上含有中国古代的人名、地名,有的出自寓言或历史的典故。对这部分成语,字面翻译是无法为外国读者所接受的,如加上许多解择性文字,就失去了成语梢粹的特点。我们最好的办法就是绕开其文化背景,译出其真正的内涵意义。

1)毛遂自荐to volunteer one's service(毛遂—战国时期人名)

2)叶公好龙professed love of what one really fears(叶公-中国古代传说中的人名)

3)东施效颦crude imitation with ludicrous effect(东施—中国古代一丑女的名字)

4)南柯一梦a fond dream or illusory joy (南柯—中国古代传说梦中地名)

5)四面楚歌to be besieged on all sides(楚—战国时期国名)



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