考研英语题库/完形填空

    Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD(Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development)countries,in particular,how to pay for future public pension liabilities. And early retirement places an__1__burden on pension financing. There is no easy solution,but__2__retirement could help.
    Early retirement may seem like a worthy individual goal,but it is a socially__3__one,and makes the present public pension system difficult to sustain for long. The__4__reason is that more people are retiring early and living longer. That means more retirees depending on the__5__of those in work for their income. The__6__is worrying. In the next 50 years,low fertility rates and__7__life expectancy in OECD countries will cause this old-age dependency rate to roughly double__8__size. Public pension payments,which afford 30-80% of total retirement incomes in OECD countries,are__9__to rise,on average,by over three percentage points in GDP and by as much as eight percentage points in some countries.__10__is the pressure on pension funds that there is a danger of today‘s workers not getting the pensions they expected or felt they__11__for.
    Action is needed,__12__simply aiming to reduce the__13__(and cost)of public pensions,or trying to__14__the role of privately funded pensions within the system,though necessary steps,may be__15__to deal with the dependency challenge. After years of__16__early retirement schemes to avoid__17__and higher unemployment,many governments are now looking__18__persuading people to stay in work until they are older. Surely,the thinking goes,if we are healthier now and jobs are physically less__19__and unemployment is down,then perhaps the__20__rate should rise anew.

1.[多选题]_____
  • A. multitude
  • B. implementation
  • C. application
  • D. generosity
2.[多选题]____
  • A. delaying
  • B. retaining
  • C. detaining
  • D. hindering
3.[多选题]____
  • A. outlook
  • B. outcome
  • C. outbreak
  • D. outset
4.[多选题]____
  • A. insufficient
  • B. influential
  • C. inefficient
  • D. intrinsic
5.[多选题]____
  • A. for
  • B. to
  • C. about
  • D. at
6.[多选题]____
  • A. turbulent
  • B. strenuous
  • C. compact
  • D. intricate
7.[多选题]____
  • A. should pay
  • B. paying
  • C. be paid
  • D. would pay
8.[多选题]_____
  • A. but
  • B. for
  • C. and
  • D. thus
9.[多选题]____
  • A. ultimate
  • B. unattainable
  • C. specific
  • D. expensive
10.[多选题]____
  • A. dependency
  • B. fertility
  • C. present
  • D. mortality
11.[多选题]____
  • A. substantial
  • B. essential
  • C. potential
  • D. controversial
12.[多选题]____
  • A. unsolvable
  • B. additional
  • C. unsustainable
  • D. undue
13.[多选题]____
  • A. exaggerate
  • B. augment
  • C. magnify
  • D. multiply
14.[多选题]_____
  • A. prolonging
  • B. expanding
  • C. soaring
  • D. rising
15.[多选题]____
  • A. suspensions
  • B. abundances
  • C. redundancies
  • D. discrepancies
16.[多选题]____
  • A. advancing
  • B. previous
  • C. ahead
  • D. preceding
17.[多选题]____
  • A. donating
  • B. sponsoring
  • C. subsidizing
  • D. funding
18.[多选题]____
  • A. in
  • B. on
  • C. by
  • D. for
19.[多选题]____
  • A. conceived
  • B. reckoned
  • C. expected
  • D. meant
20.[多选题]____
  • A. As
  • B. Such
  • C. So
  • D. It
参考答案: D,A,A,A,D,B,C,A,D,C,B,C,B,D,C,A,D,A,C,B
解题思路:本文主要讨论了老龄化给经合组织国家现存养老体系带来的挑战。文章第一段指出老龄化给经合组织国家带来的挑战,并提出推迟退休可能对解决该问题有所帮助。第二段分析了早退休给养老体系带来的问题,即越来越多的人早退休而寿命延长,随着出生率的降低,就会有更多退休的人依靠更少工作的人来为他们养老,养老金在国家财政中所占的比例增加,成为无法承受的负担。第三段探讨了解决方法,指出仅仅减少公共养老金的数量,增加私有养老的比例是不够的,许多政府在考虑说服人们晚退休。
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